General Information For Civil Engineers



CLEAR COVER TO MAIN REINFORCEMENT:

1.FOOTINGS : 50 mm
2.RAFT FOUNDATION.TOP : 50 mm
3.RAFT FOUNDATION.BOTTOM/SIDES : 75 mm
4.STRAP BEAM : 50 mm
5.GRADE SLAB : 20 mm
6.COLUMN : 40 mm
7.SHEAR WALL : 25 mm
8.BEAMS : 25 mm
9.SLABS : 15 mm
10.FLAT SLAB : 20 mm
11.STAIRCASE : 15 mm
12.RET. WALL : 20/ 25 mm on earth
13.WATER RETAINING STRUCTURES : 20/30 mm.



WEIGHT OF ROD PER METER LENGTH: DIA WEIGHT PER METER

6mm = 0.222Kg
8mm = 0.395 Kg
10mm = 0.616 Kg
12mm = 0.888 Kg
16mm = 1.578 Kg
20mm = 2.466 Kg
25mm = 3.853 Kg
32mm = 6.313 Kg
40mm = 9.865 Kg
1bag cement-50kg
1feet-0.3048m
1m-3.28ft
1sq.m-10.76sq.ft
1cu.m-35.28cu.ft
1acre-43560sq.ft
1cent-435.6sq.ft
1hectare-2.47acre
1acre-100cent-4046.724sq.m
1ground-2400sq.ft
1unit-100cu.ft- 2.83cu.m 1square-100sq.ft
1 M LENGTH STEEL ROD I ITS VOLUME V=(Pi/4)*Dia x Dia.X L=(3.14/4)x D x D X 1 (for
1m length) 
Density of Steel=7850 kg/ cub meter
Weight = Volume x Density=(3.14/4)x D x D X 1x7850 (if D is in mm ) So = ((3.14/4)x D x D X 1x7850)/(1000x1000) = Dodd/162.27



DESIGN MIX:

M10 ( 1 : 3.92 : 5.62)

Cement : 210 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 708 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 472 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 823 Kg/ M 3
Total water : 185 Kg/ M 3
Fresh concrete density: 2398 Kg/M 3

M20 ( 1 : 2.48 : 3.55)

Cement : 320 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 683 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 455 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 794 Kg/ M 3
Total water : 176 Kg/ M 3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2430 Kg/ M 3


M25 ( 1 : 2.28 : 3.27)

Cement : 340 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 667 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 445 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 775 Kg/ M 3
Total water : 185 Kg/ M 3
Admixture : 0.6%
Fresh concrete density: 2414 Kg/ M 3
Note: sand 775 + 2% moisture, Water185 -20.5 = 164 Liters,
Admixture = 0.5% is 100ml


M30 ( 1 : 2 : 2.87)

Cement : 380 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 654 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 436 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 760 Kg/ M 3
Total water : 187 Kg/ M 3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2420 Kg/ M 3
Note: Sand = 760 Kg with 2% moisture
(170.80+15.20)

M35 ( 1 : 1.79 : 2.57)

Cement : 410 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 632 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 421 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 735 Kg/ M 3
Total water : 200 Kg/ M 3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2400 Kg/ M 3
Note: sand = 735 + 2%, Water = 200- 14.7 =185.30,
Admixture = 0.7%


M40 ( 1 : 1.67 : 2.39)

Cement : 430 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 618 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 412 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 718 Kg/ M 3
Water Cement ratio : 0.43
Admixture : 0.7%
Note: Sand = 718 + Bulk age 1%

M45 ( 1 : 1.58 : 2.26)

Cement : 450 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 626 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 417 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 727 Kg/ M 3 + Bulk age 1%
Water Cement ratio : 0.43
Admixture : 0.7%


M50 ( 1 : 1.44 : 2.23)

Cement : 450 Kg/ M 3
20 mm Jelly : 590 Kg/ M 3
12.5 mm Jelly : 483 Kg/ M 3
River sand : 689 Kg/ M 3 + Bulk age 12%
Water Cement ratio : 0.36 (188 Kg)
Admixture : 1.20%3
Micro silica : 30 Kg
Super flow 6.7% of cement



BRICKS DETAILS:

1 cubic meter contains 500 bricks
The Standard size of the 1st class brick is 190mmx 90mm x90mm and motor joint should be 10mm thick
So brick with motor=200 x 100 x 100.
Volume of 1st class brick = 0.19 x 0.09 X 0.09 =0.001539cu.m
Volume of 1st class brick with motor =0.2 x 0.1 x0.1=0.002cu.m
No. on bricks per 1cu.m= 1/volume of1st class brick with motor
=1/0.002 = 500 nos of bricks



STANDARD CONVERSION FACTORS

INCH = 25.4 MILLIMETRE
FOOT = 0.3048 METRE
YARD = 0.9144 METRE
MILE = 1.6093 KILOMETER
ACRE = 0.4047 HECTARE
POUND = 0.4536 KILOGRAM
DEGREE FARENHEIT X 5/9 ? 32 = DEGREE CELSIUS
MILLIMETRE= 0.0394 INCH
METRE = 3.2808FOOT
METRE = 1.0936YARD

A rope having length 100cm.You can form any shape using this rope (Example: Triangle,Rectangle, etc.,). Which shape will covers maximum area
1 Newton = o.101971 kg
1 mm2 = 0.01 cm2
1 cm2 = 100 mm2
1 mm2 = 20 N
100 mm2 = 2000N
1 cm2 = 2000N
2000 N = 203.942 kg
So 20 N/ mm2 = 203.942 kg / cm2

RATIO IS 1:1.5:3
then volume is 1+1.5+3 = 5.5 and the total volume for using mix = 1.57 m3 then cement required = 1/5.5x1.57 =  0.285m3x1440 = 411 kg. (8+bag) sand required = 1.5/5.5x1.57= 0.471m3 aggregate required = 3/5.5x1.57 = 0.853m3
the standard volume of dry mix mortar =1.57
You can check it in IS code also. 



MATERIAL CALCULATION:
CEMENT IN BAGS

01. PCC 1:5:10
      1440/5x0.45= 129.60Kg= 2.59 Bags

02. PCC 1:4:8(M 7.5) 
      1440/4x0.45= 162.00Kg =3.24 Bags

03. PCC 1:2:4(M 15) 
      1440/2x0.45= 324.00Kg= 6.48 Bags

04. PCC 1:3:6(M 10) 
      1440/3x0.45= 216.00Kg= 4.32 Bags

05. RCC 1:2:4(M 15) 
      144/2x0.45= 324.00Kg= 6.48 Bags

06. RCC 1:1.5:3(M 20) 
      1440/1.5x0.45= 320.00Kg= 8.64 Bags

07. RCC 1:1:2(M 25) 
       370.00Kg = 7.40 Bags

08. RCC M 30
      410.00Kg = 8.20 Bags

09. RCC M35 
      445.00Kg = 8.90 Bags

10. RCC M40 
      480.00Kg = 9.60 Bags

11. Damp Proof Course CM1:3,20mm thick
       1440/3x0.022 =10.56Kg =0.21 Bags

12. 2"tk precast slab M15 
      324x0.05 =16.20Kg =0.32 Bags

13. 3"tk precast slab M15 
       324x0.075= 24.30Kg =0.49 Bags

14. GC Masonry CM 1:7 
       1440/7x0.34= 70.00Kg= 1.40 Bags

15. Brick Work CM 1:6 
      1440/6x0.25 =60.00Kg=  1.20 Bags

16. Brick Work CM 1:4, 115tk 
      1440/4x0.25x0.115= 10.35Kg= 0.21 Bags

17. Grano Flooring CC 1:1.5:3 
      1440/1.5x0.45x0.05 =21.60Kg= 0.43 Bags

18. Plastering CM 1:3, 12mm tk
      1440/3x0.01= 46.72Kg =0.13 Bags

19. Wall Plastering CM 1:4,12mm tk 
       1440/4x0.014 =5.00Kg =0.10 Bags

20. Laying Pressed Tiles Over a CM 1:4, 20mm tk 
    1440/4x0.022 =7.92Kg =0.16 Bags.

21. Ceramic Tiles, Marble,Granite, Caddapah Slab CM 1:4, 20mm tk 
    1440/4x0.022= 7.92Kg =0.16 Bags

22. Hollow Block MasonryCM 1:6, 200mm tk/m2
 10.00Kg =0.20 Bags



SAND CALCULATION (CFT):

01. Any Concrete Work
(PCC, RCC) 0.45x35.315= 20.00
02. Damp Proof Course CM 1:3, 20mm tk 1.00
03. 2"tk Precast slab M15 1.00
04. 3"tk Precast slab M15 1.50
05. SS Masonry in CM 1:7 15.00
06. Brick Work in CM 1:6 15.00
07. Brick Work in CM 1:4,115mm tk 2.00
08. Grano Flooring in CC 1:1.5:3 1.00
09. Plastering in CM 1:3, 12mm tk 1.00
10. Wall Plastering CM 1:4, 12mm tk 1.00
11. Laying Pressed Tiles over a CM 1:4, 20mm tk1.00
12. Ceramic Tiles, Marble, Granite, Cuddapah slabCM 1:4, 20mm tk 1.00

METAL CALCULATION:

01. Any Concrete Work 32.00 cft
02. Grano Flooring in CC 1:1.5:3, 50mm tk 1.60cft
03. Grano Flooring in CC 1:1.5:3, 75mm tk 2.40cft
04. Grano Flooring in CC 1:1.5:3, 100mm tk 3.20cft
05. Bricks/cum 450.00 Nos
06. Size Stone/ cum 90.00 Nos
07. Rough Stone 10.00 cft
08. Bond Stone/ cum 10.00 Nos
09. Cement Paint/100 Sft 2.00 Kg
10. White Cement/100 Sft 2.00 Kg
11. Janathacem/100 Sft 1.50 Kg
12. Enamel Paint/100 Sft - 2 Coats 1.25 Litre
13. Wall Putty/100 Sft 10.00 Kg
14. Plaster of Paris/100 Sft 25.00 Kg
15. Distember/100 Sft 2.00 Kg
16. Cement Primer 0.60 Litre
0.40 Litre
17. Weathering Course
Lime 12.50 Kg
Brick bats 32.00 Kg
18. Providing Sand Gravel Mix- Cum
Sand 20.00 Cft
Gravel 40.00 Cft
19.WBM - 75mm tk - 1st Layer - 10 Sqm
Metel(60-40 mm) 35.00 Cft
Gravel 10.00 Cft
20. Pressed Tiles - Sqm 20.00 Nos
21. Hollow Block - 200mm tk 14.00 Nos

CONVERSION TABLE:

01. 1 RM 3.28 Rft
02. 1 Sqm 10.76 Sft
03. 1 Cum 35.32 Cft
04. 1 Inch 2.54 cm
05. 1 sft 0.09Sqm
06. 1 Acre 0.04 Hectare
07. 1 Hectare 2.47 Acres
08. 1 Cft 0.028 Cum
09. 1 Feet 12.00 Inch
10. 1 Feet 0.305 M
11. 1 Cum 1000.00 Litre



UNIT WEIGHT:

01. Concrete 25 kN/m3
02. Brick 19 kN/m3
03. Steel 7850 Kg/m3
04. Water 1000 Lt/m3
05. Cement 1440 Kg/m3
06. 1Gallon 4.81 Litres
07. Link 8" = 200mm
08. 1 Hectare 2.471 acr (10000m2)
09. 1 Acr 4046.82m2 = 100 cent

DEVELOPMENT LENGTH:

01. Compression 38d
02. Tension 47 & 60d
03. 1 Cent 435.60 Sft
04. 1 Meter 3.2808 ft
05. 1 M2 10.76 ft2
06. 1 Feet 0.3048m
07. 1 KN 100Kg
08. 1kN 1000N
09. 1 Ton 1000Kg = 10,000 N = 10 kN
10. 1 kG 9.81N
M5=2.54Bg/m3, M7.5=3.18Bg/m3, M10=4.32Bg/m3,
M20=8.64Bg/m3, M25=12.9 Bg/m3,
M40=500+100Kg/m3
1m3 Conrete = 0.9 m3 Jelly + 0.55 m3 Sand +0.225 m3



BRICK:

Weight = 3.17 - 3.80 Kg
Water absorption 12 to 15%
Compressive strength = 36Kn/cm2
230mm Wall/m3 = 460 Bricks + 20Cft Sand +66Kg Cement
SSM 1:7/m3 = Slize 95 + Soiling 8 Cft +60.5 Kg

Current = 1000 Watts = 1 Unit, 25Watt*40Hr = 1Unit

Sunshade = 65mm - 0.56 bag/m2,= 90mm - 0.78 bag/m2

Tiles, Kotta, Marble - 0.33 bag/m2
Press Tiles - 0.2



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CBEC India