चेन्नई सूरत ग्रीनफील्ड हाइवे - किसान आंदोलन की शुरुवात

चेन्नई सूरत ग्रीनफील्ड हाइवे रोड बनाने का माननीय रोड मिनिस्टर ने अनाउसमेंट किया। यह हाइवे लगभग 1270 किमी लंबा हैं।

और यह गुजरात, महाराष्ट्र, तेलंगना, तमिलनाडु इस राज्यों से जायेगा, उसके साथ साथ सूरत, नाशिक, अहमदनगर, सोलापुर, अक्कलकोट, कलबुर्गी, कुरनूल, कडप्पा, तिरुपति जैसे शहरों को जोडने का के करेगा।

इस रोड की कुल लागत 45,000 करोड़ रुपये के आसपास होगी।

इस रोड को कुछ जगह 6 लेन होगी और कुछ जगह 4 लेन होगी। इसलिये इसका स्पीड समृद्धि महामार्ग की तरह 120 किमी प्रति घंटा के लिए मान्य होगा।

यह रोड लगभग 2025 के अंत मे पर होगा।

यह रोड महाराष्ट्र राज्य से लगभग 300किमी जाएगा।

अब इस रोड के लिए जमीन का अधिग्रहण का काम चालू है।

इसलिए नेशनल हाइवे ऑथोरिटी ऑफ इंडिया ने कई सर्कुलर जारी किए हैं।

शुरू में इस रोड का सर्वे करने के लिए सभी किसानों ने सहकार्य किया। रोड का मार्किंग कर दिया गया, सभी जगह सीमेंट के खम्बे लगाए गए। उसको काला और पिला पेंट दिया गया।

कुछ किसान खुश थे, और कुछ नाखुश थे।

जिनकी पूरी जमीन में से ये रोड जा रहा था वो परिवार नाखुश लग रहा था, और जो किसानों के पास थोड़ी ज्यादा जमीन थी उस वजह से वो थोड़े खुश थे, क्योंकि अपने पुरखों की जमीन देने की इच्छा किसीको नही होगी। लेकिन सबका विकास होने वाला हैं यह सोचके सब राजी हो तो गए।

और बाकी महामार्ग जैसे समृद्धि महामार्ग तथा अन्य महामार्ग की तरह मिलेवाला लाभ लगभग जमीन के बजारभाव के मूल्य के 5 गुना लेने के लिए तैयार हो गए।

लेकिन यही से सब शुरू हो गया हैं। 

जैसे ही मिनिस्ट्री को पता चला कि सब  जमीन देने को राजी है। और जमीन अधिग्रहण को ज्यादा पैसा जा रहा हैं। नेशनल ऑथोरिटी ऑफ इंडिया ने रातोरात 2013 का जमीन अधिग्रहण का कानुन रद्द करके, नया 2021 में और 2022 में  एक अधिसूचना बनाके खारिज करने की कौशिक की और यह नए अधिसूचना के अनुसार किसानों को जमीन का मूल्यांकन बाज़ार मूल्य के बराबर ही मिलनेवाला था।

यह सरकारी अधिकारियों को अपने से बड़े अफसरों को खुश करने के लिये बहुत अच्छा मौका मिल गया था।

इसमे हर एक जिले की बड़े बड़े अफसर शामिल हुए हैं।

लेकिन जैसे ही किसानों को पता चला कि उनको एक एकर के बदले में सिर्फ 5,00,000 रुपये मीलने वाले हैं। वहीं से अब एक बड़े संघर्ष की शुरुवात हुई हैं।

कुछ किसानों को 1000 वर्ग फुट जमीन को सिर्फ 23000 रुपये मिलेवाले हैं ऐसा नोटिस भेजने का काम इन अफसरों ने किया हैं।

अब यह सब किसान सरकार और भृष्ट अधिकारियों के खिलाफ एक बड़ा आंदोलन खड़ा कर रहे हैं।

इन सबका कहना है कि एक एक सरकारी अधिकारी का महीने का पगार लगभग 5,00,000 तक होगा लेकिन इनको किसानों की जमीन लेके उसका उपजीविका का साधन ले लेकर, अच्छा लाभ देने के बजाय सब किसानों का परिवार बर्बाद कर रहे हैं और उनको रास्ते पर ला रहे हैं।

इस मामलें अबतक नॅशनल हाइवे ऑथोरिटी ऑफ इंडिया चुप हैं और रोड मिनिस्टर भी चुप हैं।

लेकिन कुछ डेवलोपमेन्ट करने के लिए इतने परिवारों को जान बुज के बर्बाद करना अच्छी बात हैं क्या?

अगर सरकार के पास पैसे नही और किसानों की जमीन का अच्छे मूल्य देखे जमीन अधिग्रहण करने के पैसे नही है तो ये सब सरकार यह जबदस्ती क्यों कर रहा हैं। और सब किसानों के परिवारों को क्यों बर्बाद कर रहे हो।

देखिये कितनी सीधी बात हैं कि जितने भी किसान जमीन देने को राजी हैं उनको सरकार ने जबरदस्ती 5 लाख रूप्यव प्रति एकड़ के दाम देने के लिए पत्र भेज दिए गए, 

अब यह एक समझनेवाली बात हैं कि, भारत सरकार के रास्ते विभाग ने बताया कि भारत सरकार ने हर एक जगह के डिस्ट्रिक्ट कलेक्टर को जमीन ले मोल भाव करने के अधिकार दिए गए हैं। लेकिन बहुत सारे जगह पे कलेक्टर अपना खुद का नाम करने के लिए लाखों किसान परिवार बर्बाद करने पर तुले हुए हैं। और जन बूझकर किसानों को बर्बाद कर रहे हैं।

देखिये डिस्ट्रिक्ट कलेक्टर जैसा इतना बड़ा आदमी, इतने बड़े पद पर काम करने वाला इंसान जिसके पास एक ज़िला कण्ट्रोल करने का अधिकार रहता हैं वो इतना बड़ा डिसिजन अकेला तो नही लेगा ना?

यह एक बहुत बड़ा षडयंत्र हैं। 

तो को हैं जिसमे शामिल?

ये षडयंत्र क्या हैं?

किसने किया?

क्यों किया?

इससे किस किस को फायदा होगा?

जानते है अगले पोस्ट में.......

धन्यवाद

Real Estate in Trouble: What are the Challenges Ahead?

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Defination of Real Estate Sector

The real estate sector is a broad industry that encompasses the buying, selling, renting, and managing of property for both commercial and residential purposes. It includes activities such as construction, development, financing, brokerage, appraisal, and consulting. Real estate is an important part of the economy as it provides essential services such as housing, jobs, and tax revenue. It also plays a key role in economic development by helping to sustain local communities.

B. Overview of the current state of the real estate sector

The real estate sector is facing mounting issues with each passing day. The increasing costs, stricter regulations, and lack of affordable housing are major factors that are contributing to the decline in the sector. Economic and environmental pressures created by population growth are additional challenges that have caused further strain on the industry. Furthermore, the global pandemic has resulted in a decrease in demand, leading to an overall decrease in revenues and profits. All these factors have combined to put the future of the real estate sector in serious jeopardy.

II. Causes of Trouble in the Real Estate Sector 

A. Increase in Interest Rates

  The increase in interest rates in the real estate market has caused significant changes in the housing industry. Interest rates on mortgages have risen, causing a decrease in home affordability, while rental prices have also seen a dramatic increase due to higher borrowing costs incurred by landlords. As a result, potential buyers are now forced to consider their options more carefully before making any commitments, and renters are now dealing with higher costs than before.

B. Overbuilding

Overbuilding in real estate is a phenomenon involving the development of more housing units than there is demand for, resulting in a decrease in property values and an increase in vacancy rates. This issue can have serious economic consequences, leading to financial losses for developers and investors in addition to potential environmental impacts caused by the construction of new buildings. It is important for policy makers to be aware of this phenomenon and take action to ensure that overbuilding does not occur.

C. Low Demand 

However, some possible factors that could contribute to low demand in real estate include economic downturns, high inflation, high interest rates, a decrease in population or job opportunities in a certain area, and negative perceptions of a particular location or property. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the real estate market as people may have delayed buying or selling due to economic uncertainty and social distancing restrictions.

D. Regulatory Changes 

Changes in regulatory rules in the real estate sector can have negative effects on various stakeholders involved in buying, selling, and managing real estate properties. Here are some possible negative effects:

1. Higher transaction costs: Regulatory changes can lead to higher transaction costs for buyers and sellers, which can discourage real estate investments.

2. Decreased affordability: Changes in real estate regulations can lead to decreased affordability, making it difficult for many people to access the housing market.

3. Uncertainty: Frequent changes in regulatory rules can create uncertainty in the market, making it difficult for buyers and sellers to make informed decisions. This can lead to a decrease in investment and economic growth in the real estate sector.

III. Impact of Trouble on Real Estate Market 

A. Decrease in Home Prices 

Reduced supply: Restrictive zoning laws, building codes, or environmental regulations can increase the cost of construction and limit the supply of new housing units, leading to higher prices.

Due to this created pressure in real estate market. 

Customer demand and Market competition want to affordable houses, but due to higher price in material and labour construction cost is higher, and it is directly effect on profit of developers.

B. Increased Foreclosures 

Reduced liquidity: Regulations that restrict the inflow of foreign investment or impose restrictions on the ability to finance properties can lead to decreased liquidity.

due to this foreclosures are increased.

C. Decrease in New Construction 

Due to low demand higher material and labour cost, Low profit, regularly changing in regulatory acts, and higher fees all these reasons new constructions are reduced.

IV. Solutions to Help the Real Estate Sector 

A. Government Intervention 

B. Tax Incentives 

Government shoul be boost buyers to applied some discount on taxes, like Registration, Stamp Duty, and GST. 

or it should be pay in installments against property.

C. Lowering Interest Rates 

From last decade Interest rates are continuously increasing inflammation, and intrest rate are also increasing, but government authority sbould be think on it to reduce the intrest rates for properties.

D. Improving Credit Availability 

1. Enforcing fair lending practices: It is important for banks and other lending institutions to follow fair lending practices to prevent discrimination and ensure that borrowers have equal access to credit.

2. Streamline mortgage application process: Streamlining the mortgage application process and making it less cumbersome can encourage more people to apply for home loans and obtain credit.

3. Encouraging competition among lenders: Increased competition among lenders can lead to better terms and lower interest rates for borrowers, making it easier for people to obtain credit.

4. Providing incentives for lenders: Providing incentives to lenders for offering loans to low-income and underserved communities can increase the availability of credit in these areas.

5. Developing alternative credit scoring models: Alternative credit scoring models that take into account non-traditional sources of credit, such as rent and utility payments, can help expand credit availability for people with limited credit histories.

6. Offering financial education: Educating borrowers on financial literacy and responsible borrowing practices can help them understand the credit process better and increase their likelihood of obtaining credit.

7. Government support: The government can offer support in providing guarantees and other financial assistance to lenders, encouraging investment in the real estate sector and making it easier for people to obtain credit.

V. Conclusion 

A. Summary of Causes and Effects of Trouble in the Real Estate Sector 

Causes:

1. Speculation and overbuilding: Developers may build too many high-priced properties, creating a surplus that the market cannot sustain.

2. Economic recession: Economic downturns can cause a reduction in demand for property, which can lead to a fall in prices and devaluation of properties.

3. Interest rates: High-interest rates can discourage potential buyers from seeking loans to purchase property.

4. Credit availability: If credit is not easily available, buyers may not be able to afford to purchase property.

Effects:

1. Fall in prices: Oversupply in the market and reduced demand can lead to a fall in prices, resulting in a drop in the value of properties.

2. Foreclosures: Rising interest rates and tight credit availability can result in homeowners defaulting on their mortgage payments, leading to foreclosures.

3. Unemployment: Loss of jobs in the real estate sector can lead to unemployment and reduced disposable income, further reducing demand for property.

4. Economic slowdown: The collapse of the real estate sector can have a significant impact on the economy, leading to a slowdown in economic growth.

B. Overview of Solutions to Help the Real Estate Sector

1. Government intervention: Governments can introduce policies that regulate the property market, subsidize construction costs, and provide tax incentives to encourage investments in the industry.

2. Encouraging affordable housing: Governments can provide subsidies or tax incentives to developers who build affordable housing. This would increase the supply of affordable housing, reduce homelessness, and increase demand.

3. Lowering interest rates: Government policymakers can work with central banks to lower interest rates, making it easier for potential buyers to obtain loans to buy property.

4. Investing in infrastructure: Developing infrastructure such as roads, water supply, and electricity can attract investors and increase demand for property.

5. Encouraging foreign investment: Governments can offer tax incentives or property ownership rights to foreign investors in order to encourage capital investment in the real estate sector.

6. Promoting real estate education: Promoting education in the real estate sector can increase the efficiency of property development, improve sales, and promote transparency in the market.

Team

CBEC India

Wood Door Frame and wood Door Work

Introduction:

This standard operating procedure enumerates the scope of wood work to be executed    in Tower area as specified in the approved drawings and at places when instructed by the Tower-in-charge.

Responsibility:

 The respective Tower-in-charge is responsible to execute the work as per procedure.

Safety & protection:

PPEs should be used properly.

Ensure the working area is kept clean for easy access.

Proper illumination to be provided during the work, if required.

Educate the workmen through pep-talk meeting. 

 

 Work Method:

Door Frame: 

 

Jambs of opening shall be checked for its dimensions, right angle and top jamb level.

Deviation in width and height of opening jamb should not be more than + 5mm, in case its out of tolerance it should be rework. 

On finding opening to a satisfactory level door frame shall be fixed.

Before fixing frame it should be checked for its alignment, it should not have through cracks on it, it should be straight and no bends on any member, free from any visible defect.

Use Pentagon nylon frame fixing screws 10 x 125 mm to fix the frame. Each vertical member should be screwed at 4 locations in staggered way. Horizontal member should be screwed at 2 locations.

Screw should be counter sunk by 5mm and gap should be filled with mixture of saw dust and fevicol.

After fixing the frame it should be checked for alignment.

If there is a gap behind frame it should be packed either by making frame from old plywood or by repairing jamb. For within tolerance gaps i.e. +5mm in whole width of opening, packing should be provided behind frame at the time of screwing in order to keep frame in position and avoid any twisting of frame due to gap.

Shutter and Fittings:

Received shutters at site should be checked for its specification and size. Do not cut shutters blindly at site.

In rare cases where we need to cut the shutter to fix in position, the cut on one face should not be more than 25mm.

In case due to flooring level, if shutter need to be cut in height, cut side should be kept on bottom side.

Lipping shall be fixed over the received shutter and should be made in line with shutter face by scrapping. There should not be any gap between lipping and shutter. Lipping should be fixed with the help of Fevicol and wire nails.

Shutter should be fixed at position as per the details shown on drawing for hinges and gaps between shutter and frame (In case not specified on drawing - For main door fix 4 hinges  2 at top at 6, 1 at 6 above bottom of shutter and remaining should be fixed between center of 2nd from top and bottom hinge. For internal door fix 3 hinges  1 at 6 from top, 1 at 6 from bottom of shutter and remaining at center of it).

Shutter should be in line with face of frame after closing, there should not be any offset in frame and shutter.

Gap around shutter should be kept uniform.

Fitting such as lock, handle and stopper etc. should be fixed immediately after finding the work of shutter fixing to the satisfaction level of Tower-in-charge in order to avoid damages to frame or shutter due to banging of shutters.

Fittings should be checked for its smooth working, they should not make a noise. 

Polishing:

Polishing of frame and lipping on shutter should be done to match the approved finish.

Pre-polished moulding / architrave should be fixed after completion of fame and lipping polish work.

Do ensure Screws fixed on frame are counter sunk and if any gaps in frame are filled with mixture of Fevicol and saw dust.

Ensure there are no offsets in frame.

Do polishing of frame by protecting the adjacent finish.

Team

CBEC India

What are the precautions to Make Earthquake Resistance Building?

Earthquakes are a natural disaster that can cause widespread damage and loss of life. Buildings are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes, which is why it is essential to construct earthquake-resistant buildings. Earthquake-resistant buildings are designed to resist the forces generated by earthquakes and reduce the damage caused by them. In this article, we will discuss how to make an earthquake-resistant building in detail.

Building Design

The design of the building is the first step in making an earthquake-resistant building. The building must be designed in such a way that it can withstand the forces generated by an earthquake. The following design features must be incorporated into an earthquake-resistant building:

1. Foundation: The foundation must be designed to withstand the forces generated by an earthquake. The foundation must be deep enough to ensure that the building remains stable during an earthquake.

2. Shape: The shape of the building can affect its seismic performance. Buildings that have a square or circular shape are more resistant to earthquakes than buildings with irregular shapes.

3. Height: The height of the building can also affect its seismic performance. Tall buildings must be designed to withstand lateral forces and be flexible enough to absorb the energy generated by an earthquake.

4. Diaphragm: The building's diaphragm must be designed to help distribute the loads generated by an earthquake. The diaphragm must be rigid enough to resist the forces but also flexible enough to absorb any energy generated by the earthquake.

5. Damping: Installing damping systems such as dampers or shock absorbers can help reduce the seismic forces on the building.

Materials Used

The materials used in construction also play a vital role in making an earthquake-resistant building. The following materials are commonly used in earthquake-resistant buildings:

1. Steel: Steel is a common material used in the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings. It is strong and flexible and can withstand the forces generated by an earthquake.

2. Concrete: Concrete is a popular material for building construction, and it is also used in earthquake-resistant buildings. Concrete walls and columns can withstand the forces generated by an earthquake, and reinforced concrete is even more resistant.

3. Masonry: Masonry is another material commonly used in the construction of buildings. However, it is not as strong as steel or concrete, and buildings made entirely of masonry are not suitable for earthquake-prone areas. Masonry buildings can be made more earthquake-resistant by reinforcing them with steel or concrete.

4. Wood: Wood is a flexible and lightweight material that can absorb some of the forces generated by an earthquake. Timber-framed buildings can be made more earthquake-resistant by using steel connectors and adding bracing and lateral reinforcement.

Earthquake Protection Systems

In addition to building design and materials used, there are several earthquake protection systems that can be installed in buildings. The following are some of the systems used in earthquake-resistant buildings:

1. Base Isolation: Base isolation involves installing shock absorbers between the building's foundation and the ground. This system can greatly reduce the forces generated by an earthquake.

2. Passive Energy Dissipation: Passive energy dissipation involves installing materials that can absorb and dissipate the energy generated by an earthquake, such as shock absorbers, viscous dampers, and friction pendulum bearings.

3. Active Energy Dissipation: Active energy dissipation involves using mechanical systems to actively reduce the forces generated by an earthquake.

Conclusion

In conclusion, earthquakes are a natural disaster that can cause widespread damage and loss of life. An earthquake-resistant building is essential in earthquake-prone areas as it can reduce the damage caused by an earthquake and save lives. The design of the building, materials used, and earthquake protection systems are crucial in making an earthquake-resistant building. By incorporating these features, the building can withstand the forces generated by an earthquake and reduce the damage caused.

Team

CBEC India

Wood vs Aluminum: A Cost Comparison for Shuttering Buildings

When it comes to shuttering buildings, there are two popular options available: wood and aluminum. Both materials have their own unique advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between the two will ultimately depend on your specific needs and budget. In this post, we will be comparing the costs of wood and aluminum to help you make an informed decision when it comes to shuttering your building. We will break down the costs of each material, including installation, maintenance, and durability, to help you understand which option is the most cost-effective in the long run. By the end of this post, you will have a better idea of which material is the right choice for your building project.

1. What is shuttering and why is it important for building construction?

Shuttering is an essential process in building construction that involves creating temporary molds or forms that will hold freshly poured concrete in place until it sets and hardens. The process allows for the creation of walls, columns, beams, and other important structural elements of a building. Shuttering is important for building construction because it provides the necessary support and shape for the concrete to dry and harden into the desired structure.
The temporary molds or forms can be made from a variety of materials, with wood and aluminum being the most commonly used. The choice of material for shuttering is a crucial decision that can have a significant impact on the overall cost of the project. Using the right material can save time, reduce labor costs, and ensure the quality of the final construction. Therefore, it is important to compare the costs of using wood and aluminum to determine which option is the most cost-effective for the specific needs of the construction project.

2. Overview of wood and aluminum shuttering materials

When it comes to shuttering materials, wood and aluminum are two of the most popular options available in the market. Wood is a traditional and widely used material for shuttering and is known for its strength and durability. It is also readily available, inexpensive, and easy to work with. Wooden shuttering is commonly used for residential buildings, small-scale construction projects, and temporary structures.

On the other hand, aluminum is a newer and more modern material for shuttering. It is lightweight, strong, and has a high level of structural integrity. Aluminum shuttering is also reusable, making it a cost-effective option for larger projects. It is commonly used for high-rise buildings, commercial projects, and large-scale construction.

Both wood and aluminum have their benefits and drawbacks, depending on the specific needs of the project. Wood is a more traditional and cheaper option, but it can be prone to damage and has a shorter lifespan compared to aluminum. Aluminum, on the other hand, may be more expensive but is a more durable and long-lasting option that can save money in the long run.

In summary, the choice between wood and aluminum shuttering materials will depend on the specific needs of the project, including the size, budget, and expected lifespan of the building. It's important to consider all of the factors when making a decision to ensure the best outcome for the construction project.

3. Comparison of the cost of wood and aluminum shuttering

When deciding between wood and aluminum shuttering, cost is a major factor to consider. Initially, wood shuttering may seem to be a more affordable option, as it is relatively cheaper than aluminum. However, the cost of wood shuttering can quickly add up over time due to maintenance and replacement expenses. Wood is prone to warping, splitting, and swelling, especially when exposed to moisture. This means that it requires regular maintenance and eventual replacement, which can be costly, particularly if you have a large project.

On the other hand, aluminum shuttering may have a higher initial cost, but it is more durable and requires less maintenance. Aluminum is resistant to moisture, rust, and corrosion, and it can withstand extreme weather conditions. This means that you don't have to worry about regular maintenance or replacement costs, making it a more cost-effective option in the long run.

Moreover, aluminum shuttering can be reused multiple times, making it more eco-friendly and cost-effective. It can be easily dismantled and reassembled, making it ideal for projects where time and efficiency are crucial.

In summary, while wood shuttering may be initially cheaper than aluminum, it has higher maintenance and replacement costs that add up over time. On the other hand, aluminum shuttering may have a higher initial cost, but it is more durable and requires less maintenance, making it a more cost-effective option in the long run.

4. Factors that affect the cost of wood and aluminum shuttering

There are several factors that can affect the cost of using wood or aluminum shuttering for building projects. Firstly, the initial cost of materials can vary greatly. While wood is generally cheaper than aluminum, the type of wood used, as well as its quality and availability, can significantly impact the overall cost of wood shuttering.

Another factor to consider is the lifespan of the materials. Aluminum shuttering is known for being more durable and long-lasting compared to wood shuttering. While wood may be cheaper upfront, it may need to be replaced more frequently, adding to the cost in the long run.

The size and complexity of the building project should also be taken into account. For larger projects, aluminum shuttering may be more cost-effective due to its durability and reusability. In contrast, smaller projects may benefit from the cost savings associated with using wood shuttering.

Labor costs should also be considered when comparing the cost of wood and aluminum shuttering. While aluminum shuttering may require less labor due to its reusability, the initial installation process can be more time-consuming and require specialized expertise, which could increase labor costs.

Finally, the location of the project can also impact the cost of shuttering materials. The availability and cost of materials may vary depending on the location, and transportation costs could also be a factor to consider.

Overall, there are several factors to consider when comparing the cost of wood and aluminum shuttering for building projects. It's important to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of each option and consider the specific needs of the project to make an informed decision.

5. Advantages and disadvantages of wood shuttering

Wood shuttering is a traditional method used in construction for many years. It is a popular choice due to its availability and cost-effectiveness. However, wood shuttering has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

1. Cost-effective: Wood shuttering is a cheaper option when compared to other materials. It is easily available in most parts of the world, which makes it a popular choice.

2. Easy to work with: Wood shuttering is easy to work with and can be cut into any shape and size required for the project. It can be easily nailed or screwed together.

3. Good insulation: Wood has natural insulation properties that can help in regulating the temperature inside the building. This makes it an ideal choice for areas with extreme climates.

Disadvantages:

1. Limited lifespan: Wood has a limited lifespan and can rot or deteriorate over time. This can lead to the need for frequent repairs and replacements.

2. Susceptible to moisture: Wood is susceptible to moisture, which can cause it to warp, crack, or even rot. This can lead to structural damage in the building.

3. Fire hazard: Wood is a combustible material and can pose a fire hazard if not treated properly.

In summary, wood shuttering is a cost-effective option for construction projects, but it does have its limitations. It is important to weigh the advantages and disadvantages before deciding whether it is the right choice for your project.

6. Advantages and disadvantages of aluminum shuttering

Aluminum shuttering has become popular in recent years due to its durability, lightweight, and ease of use. Some of the benefits of aluminum shuttering include quick assembly and disassembly, flexibility, and low maintenance. As aluminum shuttering is lightweight, it is easy to transport and can be installed quickly, which can save time and labor costs.

Another advantage of aluminum shuttering is that it can be easily reused multiple times, making it a cost-effective option in the long run. Additionally, aluminum shuttering can be customized to fit specific building requirements, which makes it a more versatile option compared to wooden shuttering.

However, there are also some disadvantages to using aluminum shuttering. One of the biggest drawbacks is that it is expensive to purchase upfront compared to wooden shuttering. Additionally, as aluminum is a good conductor of heat, it may not be suitable for use in extremely hot climates.

Another potential disadvantage of aluminum shuttering is that it may not be as strong as wooden shuttering, which can lead to stability issues during construction. Aluminum shuttering can also be prone to dents and scratches, which may affect its durability over time.

Ultimately, the decision to use aluminum or wooden shuttering will depend on various factors such as the project budget, climate, and building requirements. It is important to weigh the pros and cons of each option carefully before making a final decision.

7. Which shuttering material is better suited for specific building projects?

When it comes to choosing between wood and aluminum shuttering material for a specific building project, there are a few things to consider.

If the building project is a one-time construction or a small-scale project, the use of wood shuttering material may be more cost-effective. Wood is readily available and easy to work with, making it a popular choice for smaller projects. However, if the project is large-scale and requires a lot of shuttering material, aluminum may be the better option. It is durable, long-lasting, and can be reused multiple times, making it more cost-effective in the long run.

Another factor to consider is the environment in which the building project is taking place. If the project is in a damp or humid area, wood may not be the best choice as it can warp and become damaged over time. In contrast, aluminum is resistant to corrosion and can withstand harsh weather conditions, making it a better choice for projects in harsh environments.

The type of structure being built also plays a role in the choice of shuttering material. For example, if the structure being built is curved, aluminum shuttering material may be required as it is more flexible and adaptable than wood.

Ultimately, the choice of shuttering material will depend on the specific needs of the building project. It is important to consider factors such as cost, durability, and environmental conditions before making a decision.

8. Maintenance considerations for wood and aluminum shuttering

When it comes to maintenance considerations for shuttering, both wood and aluminum have their own unique characteristics. Wood shuttering requires more maintenance as it is prone to rotting, warping, and cracking. This is especially true if the wood is not properly treated before use. It is important to regularly inspect the wood shuttering and replace any damaged sections to ensure the integrity of the structure being built.

On the other hand, aluminum shuttering requires less maintenance and is more durable than wood. It is resistant to rot, warping, and cracking. However, aluminum can be prone to denting, which can affect the smoothness of the concrete surface. It is important to regularly inspect the aluminum shuttering and replace any damaged sections to ensure the quality of the finished product.

Overall, both wood and aluminum shuttering require regular maintenance and inspection to ensure they are in good condition and can be reused for future projects. The type of shuttering chosen for a project will depend on factors such as cost, durability, and maintenance requirements. It is important to weigh these factors carefully to make an informed decision.

9. Environmental impact of wood and aluminum shuttering

When it comes to choosing between wood and aluminum for shuttering buildings, it's important to consider the environmental impact of both materials. Wood is a renewable resource, meaning that it can be replenished and replaced over time. However, the production of wood can contribute to deforestation and the destruction of natural habitats. Additionally, the use of pesticides and chemicals in wood production can be harmful to the environment.

On the other hand, aluminum is a non-renewable resource that requires a significant amount of energy to produce. The manufacturing process for aluminum is also known to produce greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change. However, aluminum can be recycled and reused, making it a sustainable option for shuttering buildings.

When it comes to choosing between wood and aluminum, it's important to weigh the pros and cons of each material and consider the environmental impact of your decision. If sustainability is a top priority, opting for aluminum shuttering could be a more environmentally-friendly choice. However, if you prioritize using renewable resources and minimizing chemicals in production, wood may be a better option for your project.

10. Conclusion and recommendation for choosing wood or aluminum shuttering based on cost and other factors.

In conclusion, both wood and aluminum shuttering have their pros and cons when it comes to cost. Wood is generally a cheaper option when it comes to initial investment but may require more maintenance in the long run. On the other hand, aluminum shuttering may have a higher initial cost but requires less maintenance and can be reused multiple times, making it a more cost-effective option over time.
When choosing between the two, it's important to consider other factors as well, such as the type of building being constructed, the location and climate, the project timeline, and personal preferences. For example, if the building is located in an area with high humidity or frequent rainfall, wood shuttering may not be the best option as it can easily warp and deform. On the other hand, if the project has a tight timeline and requires quick assembly and disassembly, aluminum shuttering may be the better choice.
Ultimately, the decision between wood and aluminum shuttering should be based on a careful consideration of all factors involved, including cost, maintenance, durability, and project-specific requirements. It's recommended to consult with a professional in the field to help make the best decision for your specific project.

We hope you found this article helpful in determining whether wood or aluminum is the best choice for shuttering buildings. As we have seen, both materials have their advantages and disadvantages, and it ultimately comes down to your budget and the specific needs of your project. We hope that this cost comparison has helped you make an informed decision and that your building project goes smoothly. As always, feel free to reach out to us with any questions or comments you may have.

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Why Civil Engineers are switching Career from Construction Industry to Information Technology (IT) Industry?

Civil Engineering is a traditional field that is closely associated with construction and infrastructure development projects. However, in recent years, we have observed a growing trend where more and more civil engineers are switching their careers from construction industries to information technology. This shift is due to several reasons that have emerged in recent years. In this article, we will discuss why civil engineers are switching careers from the construction industry to the IT industry.

1. Slow Growth in Construction Industry:

One of the primary reasons why civil engineers are switching to IT is the slow growth and limited opportunities in the construction industry. With global construction spending declining in recent years, it has become increasingly difficult for civil engineers to find jobs in this industry. Therefore, many of them have turned to IT, where there are plenty of job opportunities and a high demand for skilled professionals.

2. Rapid Technological Advancements:

The second reason why civil engineers are turning towards the IT industry is due to the rapid technological advancements that have taken place in recent years. With the advent of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, automation, and big data, IT has become an essential aspect of many industries, including construction. This has created a demand for professionals who are proficient in both construction and IT skills.

3. Diversification of Skills:

Civil engineers who are switching to IT are doing so because they believe that a diversified skill set will make them more competitive in the job market. With IT skills, they can venture into different fields and take on different job roles. For example, civil engineers with IT skills can work as data analysts, software developers, or project managers. Moreover, IT-specific skills also allow them to be more independent and work more creatively, which can boost their overall job satisfaction.

4. Greater Flexibility:

IT jobs also provide greater flexibility to civil engineers, allowing them to work from home or locations far from their traditional workplaces. The nature of IT work is often more flexible compared to that of the construction industry, which requires employees to be onsite at specific times.

5. Higher Salaries:

Lastly, one of the most significant reasons for civil engineers to switch to IT is the higher salaries. IT professionals earn significantly higher salaries compared to those in construction. This is because the IT industry has a more significant demand for skilled workers, and the work is typically more complex and requires higher technical expertise.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, civil engineers are turning to IT due to slow growth in construction industries, technological advancements, diversified skill sets, greater flexibility, and higher salaries. These factors have created a perfect storm that has prompted many civil engineers to ditch the traditional construction industry and enter the dynamic world of IT. For those who are contemplating a career in IT after civil engineering, it is essential to build their skills in software development, data analysis, and project management to stay competitive in the ever-evolving IT industry.

Team 

CBEC India

What is KPI Points for Estimators in Residential Building Construction?

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are important metrics used to track and measure progress towards business goals. In the context of residential building construction, some KPIs that estimators can use to measure their performance and success include:

1. Accuracy of Estimates: One of the most critical KPIs for estimators is the accuracy of their estimates. Building accurate cost estimates for residential construction projects is critical to ensuring that the project is profitable, and the client’s budget is not blown. Estimators should track their estimates' accuracy by comparing the actual costs to their estimates and revising their methods and assumptions accordingly.

2. Turnaround Time: The turnaround time for estimators is also a vital KPI as it can be used to measure how efficient they are. Estimators need to provide their clients with accurate estimates in a timely manner to help them secure financing and move forward with the project. By tracking how much time it takes to produce an estimate, estimators can identify opportunities to improve their workflow and efficiency.

3. Win/Loss Ratio: Estimators can track their win/loss ratio by comparing the number of bids they won against the number of bids they lost. This KPI is important because it can help estimators identify opportunities for improvement in their proposal strategy and better understand the market conditions in which they are competing.

4. Client Satisfaction: Client satisfaction is a critical KPI as it can influence the likelihood of repeat business and referral business. Estimators can track this KPI by conducting surveys or engaging in follow-up conversations with clients to determine their level of satisfaction with the estimate they received.

5. Gross Margin: Gross margin is a KPI that measures the profitability of a project. Estimators can track how much gross margin they generate for the company by comparing the total cost of the project to the estimated cost. By doing this, estimators can identify opportunities to increase profitability by better pricing and sourcing materials.

In summary, estimators in residential building construction can track a range of KPIs, including accuracy of estimates, turnaround time, win/loss ratio, client satisfaction, and gross margin. By monitoring these KPIs, estimators can identify areas for improvement and make data-driven decisions that contribute to the overall success of the company.

What are the Latest Construction Technologies available in construction industry?

The construction industry is continually evolving, and new technologies are being introduced to improve efficiency, safety and reduce costs. In this article, we will cover some of the latest construction technologies and how they are being used in the industry.

1. Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Building Information Modeling or BIM is the latest technology used in the construction industry. It is a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building. BIM software allows architects, engineers, and contractors to create accurate 3D models of a building and simulate various construction scenarios before the actual construction starts. BIM models help in identifying design faults, improving project coordination, and reducing construction costs.

2. Drones

Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles used to take aerial photographs and videos of construction sites. Drones are used to improve site inspection, surveying, and mapping. Using drones, site managers can monitor construction progress, conduct site inspections, and identify design errors before they cause significant problems.

3. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)

AR and VR technologies are creating a significant impact on the construction industry. AR is used to provide virtual overlays of digital information on the real world, while VR can create a simulated 3D environment for training and construction simulations. AR and VR technology allows architects and engineers to get a realistic view of the project and simplify collaboration among stakeholders.

4. Offsite Construction (Modular Construction)

Offsite construction is a process of constructing a building in a factory, then moving it to the construction site. Modular construction involves assembling pre-fabricated units offsite and transporting them to the construction site. This technology reduces construction time, minimizes waste and delivery times, and improves quality control.

5. Autonomous Construction Vehicles

Autonomous construction vehicles like bulldozers, excavators, and cranes are computer-controlled machines that operate without human intervention. These vehicles are equipped with GPS and sensors that help them navigate through the construction site. Autonomous construction vehicles improve safety, reduce costs and increase productivity.

6. Robotics

Robotics technology is revolutionizing the construction industry by automating repetitive tasks. Robotic technology is used in bricklaying, welding, and demolition activities. This technology improves safety by reducing human involvement in hazardous activities, saves time and reduces construction costs.

7. Smart Building Materials

Smart building materials are materials that can sense changes in the environment and provide real-time data to the building management system. Smart building materials include sensor-equipped concrete, self-healing concrete, and self-cleaning glass. This technology improves the energy efficiency of the building, reduces maintenance costs and improves sustainability.

In conclusion, these are some of the latest construction technologies that are transforming the industry. The adoption of these technologies is contributing to improvements in efficiency, safety, and cost reduction in the construction industry. As the industry continues to grow, there is a need to embrace new technologies to improve quality and increase productivity

5 Upcoming Challenges in Construction Sector

The construction sector is crucial for the growth of economies worldwide. However, the industry is facing significant challenges that may hinder growth, including skilled labor shortages, cost control, and technology adoption. In this article, we will discuss the upcoming challenges in the construction sector.

1. Skilled Labor Shortages

The construction industry is facing significant challenges due to a shortage of skilled labor. This shortage is due to a combination of factors, such as an aging workforce, declining interest in trades, and immigration policies. As a result, construction firms are struggling to fill job vacancies with highly skilled workers. The skilled labor shortage is resulting in an increase in labor costs and a decrease in project efficiency. Skilled labor shortages are projected to worsen in the coming years due to the retirement of baby boomers and the lack of interest in the trades.

2. Cost Control

The construction sector is a highly competitive industry, and cost management is a significant challenge. Construction projects are becoming more complex, requiring more significant investments, and tighter delivery deadlines. With the rising costs of labor, raw materials, and energy, controlling costs is becoming more challenging for construction firms. Subcontractor costs, equipment maintenance, and insurance costs are also contributing to the complexity of project cost control. Effective cost control measures are important for construction firms to stay competitive and manage profitability.

3. Technology Adoption

Technology is rapidly changing the construction sector, and companies are struggling to keep up with the pace of technology advancements. Technology is improving construction workflows, enhancing safety, and increasing efficiency, but its adoption is slow globally. Many construction firms are still using traditional methods to manage their projects, from paper-based blueprints to manual scheduling. As a result, firms are losing out on the significant benefits offered by technology, including increased efficiency, improved project scheduling, reduced errors, and increased safety. The adoption of technology can create new business opportunities and improve the bottom line, and construction companies need to catch up with the technological advancements.

4. Sustainability 

Sustainability is becoming increasingly significant in the construction industry, and companies need to change their practices to embrace it. Sustainability is now a vital consideration for architectural design, construction methods, and material selection. Firms need to adopt and implement sustainable practices to meet regulatory bodies' increasing demands, environmental standards, and societal expectations. Sustainable buildings use less energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and decrease the carbon footprint. Sustainability can also improve firms' reputations and help attract top talent, investors, and customers.

5. Safety 

Safety is a critical concern in the construction sector, and companies need to prioritize it continually. Construction sites are often dangerous, and accidents can cause injury, death, and project delays. Safety needs to be a key consideration in all construction projects, from design to operation, and firms need to develop, implement and enforce safety policies and practices effectively. Companies need to provide workers with the necessary protective equipment, training, and provide proactive safety measures. The construction industry must continue to improve its safety procedures to protect workers and reduce accidents.

In conclusion, the construction industry is facing significant challenges that include skilled labor shortages, cost control, technology adoption, sustainability, and safety. These challenges could potentially hinder the industry's growth and its contribution to the global economy. Companies must adopt innovative measures to overcome these challenges and remain competitive. Embracing technology, developing a sustainable approach, enforcing safety measures, and adopting cost-control measures can help construction firms achieve long-term success.

What are the benifits of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction industry?

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital technology that revolutionizes the construction industry. BIM is a 3D model-based process that can be used for design, construction, and maintenance of buildings. This technology combines design and construction processes to provide a unified picture of the entire construction process. It provides a platform for stakeholders to collaborate, share information, and make informed decisions. 

In this article, we will discuss the benefits of BIM, and how it is useful for the construction industry.

1. Enhanced Coordination and Collaboration

BIM provides an integrated platform for architects, engineers, contractors, and other stakeholders to collaborate seamlessly. BIM enables stakeholders to work together on the same platform, ensuring that the entire project team has access to the same information. This level of collaboration reduces communication errors and mistakes, which improves overall project coordination. By analyzing the 3D model, the project team can identify potential issues and solve them before construction begins. This significantly reduces project delays and change orders that can cause a significant increase in costs.

2. Improved Visualization

BIM provides exceptional visualization capabilities, enabling users to create realistic, detailed 3D models of structures. This technology enables designers to create models that closely resemble the physical structures, making it easier for stakeholders to visualize and understand the project. This improved visualization increases communication and makes it easier for stakeholders to make informed decisions about the project. Clients can visualize what the building will look like before any construction begins, facilitate stakeholder buy-in, and ensure that the building meets their expectations. 

3. Increased Efficiency

BIM reduces the time it takes to complete a project. This technology eliminates the need for users to manually create 2D drawings, reducing errors and inconsistencies. BIM provides an automated process for generating drawing sets, reducing drafting time and increasing accuracy. This process provides real-time updates, enabling stakeholders to access the latest information about the project at any time. BIM also allows designers to automate repetitive tasks, reducing the time and cost involved in the design phase. Due to the higher accuracy and efficiency in the design phase, BIM can reduce the construction time, ensuring timely delivery of the building. 

4. Improved Cost Estimation

BIM provides an accurate and detailed cost estimation before construction begins. The detailed 3D model enables estimators to obtain accurate quantities of materials required, which provides an accurate cost estimation. The software can also calculate the cost of labor, equipment, and schedule, which ensures that the project meets the client’s budget. By providing an accurate cost estimation, BIM can reduce costs associated with overruns, changes, and delays.

5. Better Project Control and Management

BIM provides an integrated platform that enables the project teams to manage the entire project from start to finish. This technology provides real-time information about project status, performance, and risk management. BIM software provides a central database for project information, including drawings, schedules, specifications, and other information relevant to project management. Stakeholders can access this information at any time, which increases project transparency and reduces confusion. Project managers can have greater control over the project, ensuring that project deadlines are met, and the project stays on-budget. 

6. Sustainability

BIM can contribute to sustainability in construction design and operation. BIM software can optimize energy usage and reduce carbon emissions by providing accurate energy models using data from the building’s specifications. During the design process, BIM can assess the environmental impact of a building’s operation, such as its carbon footprint. BIM can also evaluate construction materials and ascertain their environmental effects to ensure that environmentally responsible materials are chosen. BIM promotes sustainable design, construction, and operation of buildings.

7. Improved Maintenance and Facility Management

BIM provides a long-term benefit that extends beyond the construction phase. BIM can assist in proper maintenance and facility management of the building. BIM helps facility managers to access crucial information about the building, such as building systems, maintenance schedules, and equipment. This technology can create a platform that links building information and equipment information with other building systems. Facility managers can access building data, including maintenance records, warranties, and maintenance schedules. BIM can also be used to provide data for long-term asset management plans.

In conclusion, BIM offers a plethora of benefits to the construction industry. BIM provides improved coordination, visualization, efficiency, and cost estimation, contributing to significant reduction in project delays, cost overruns, and construction errors. BIM assists project teams to carry out sustainable design and contributes to a sustainable future for the building industry. Finally, BIM can promote long-term asset management plans and reduces maintenance costs. Adopting BIM technology is critical for construction companies to remain competitive in the construction industry.

What are the Important points for Estimation of Highrise Building Construction ?

High-rise building construction is a sophisticated and intricate process that demands a high level of expertise and attention to detail. Before embarking on any construction project, it is essential to calculate the cost of the project accurately. Accurate cost estimation is critical to ensuring that the project is completed within budget and on time. In this article, we will explore the different aspects of high-rise building construction and how to calculate the material and labor rates to arrive at a rate per square foot for cost estimation and costing purposes.

Material Calculation

Material calculation is the first and most critical step in estimating the cost of a high-rise building construction project. Accurate material calculations are essential to minimizing waste, reducing cost, and ensuring that the project stays on budget. To calculate the material requirements for a high-rise building project, the following steps must be undertaken:

1. Obtain the construction drawings and project specifications to determine the type and quantity of materials required for each area of the project.

2. Create a Bill of Quantities (BOQ) that lists all the materials required for each area of the project. The bill of quantities should include the amount of material required, the unit of measurement, and the cost of each item.

3. Calculate the total cost of materials by adding up the cost of each item on the bill of quantities.

Labor Calculation

The next step in calculating the cost of a high-rise building construction project is to determine the labor rates. Labor rates depend on various factors such as the location of the project, the skill level of the workers, and the union rates. To calculate labor rates for a high-rise building construction project, the following steps must be undertaken:

1. Identify the labor requirements for each area of the project based on the construction drawings and project specifications.

2. Determine the hourly rate for each worker based on their skill level and the industry standards.

3. Calculate the labor cost by multiplying the hourly rate by the number of hours required for each area of the project.

Rate per Square Foot Calculation

Once the material and labor costs have been determined, the next step is to calculate the rate per square foot. The rate per square foot is an important metric for cost estimation and costing purposes because it allows for easy comparison between different construction projects. To calculate the rate per square foot, the following steps must be undertaken:

1. Determine the total material cost by adding up the cost of all the materials required for the project.

2. Determine the total labor cost by adding up the labor cost for each area of the project.

3. Add the total material cost and the total labor cost to arrive at the total cost of the project.

4. Divide the total cost of the project by the total square footage of the project to arrive at the rate per square foot.

Conclusion

In conclusion, calculating the cost of a high-rise building construction project requires careful attention to detail and extensive planning. Accurate material and labor calculations are critical to arriving at an accurate cost estimate for the project. The rate per square foot is an essential metric for cost estimation and costing purposes and allows for easy comparison between different construction projects. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can arrive at an accurate cost estimate for your high-rise building construction project.